cd31  (R&D Systems)

Journal: Bioactive Materials

Article Title: Injection site dictates the immune response to a biodegradable polymer and corresponding collagen regeneration

doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2026.04.004

Figure Lengend Snippet: ID tissue exhibits higher densities of fibroblasts, macrophages, and microvessels compared to SC tissue. Immunofluorescence analysis comparing the expression of Vimentin (a fibroblast marker), CD68 (a macrophage marker), and CD31 (an endothelial cell marker) in ID and SC tissues. For each group, n = 3; data represent mean ± s.d.; ∗P < 0.05 and ∗∗P < 0.01.

Article Snippet: After antigen retrieval and blocking, sections were incubated overnight at 4 °C with primary antibodies targeting vimentin, CD68 (ABclonal, A20803), CD31 (R&D SYSTEMS, AF3628), HMGB1 (Cell Signaling Technology, 3935), HSP70 (ABclonal, A23457), NF-κB p65 (ABclonal, A19653), CD206 (Cell Signaling Technology, 24595), and FAPα (ABclonal, A23789 ).

Techniques: Immunofluorescence, Expressing, Marker

Journal: Bioactive Materials

Article Title: Mesenchymal stromal cells-loaded 3D radially aligned composite scaffold with potentiated paracrine signaling for sequential bone regeneration

doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2026.02.059

Figure Lengend Snippet: Temporal analysis of the BMSC paracrine profile on different scaffolds. (A) Confocal microscopy images from Live/Dead fluorescence staining of BMSCs encapsulated within the PCL/HAp-GelMA/BMSCs scaffold after 1, 3, 5, and 14 d of 3D culture (live cells, green; dead cells, red). (B) The concentrations of key paracrine factors (TGF-β, PGE2, VEGF, HGF, and BMP-2) from BMSCs cultured in different scaffolds, quantified from culture supernatants at day 3 and day 7. (C) Corresponding relative mRNA expression levels of TGFB1, PTGS2, VEGFA, HGF, and BMP-2 in BMSCs at day 3 and day 7, as determined by qPCR analysis. Data are presented as mean ± SD (n = 3) *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001; ns: not significant.

Article Snippet: ELISA kits for PGE2 (Cat. No. E-EL-0034), TGF-β (Cat. No. E-EL-0162), VEGF (Cat. No. E-EL-R2603), and HGF (Cat. No. E-EL-R0496) were purchased from Elabscience (Wuhan, China).

Techniques: Confocal Microscopy, Fluorescence, Staining, Cell Culture, Expressing

Journal: Bioactive Materials

Article Title: Mesenchymal stromal cells-loaded 3D radially aligned composite scaffold with potentiated paracrine signaling for sequential bone regeneration

doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2026.02.059

Figure Lengend Snippet: Temporal analysis of the BMSC paracrine profile on different scaffolds. (A) Confocal microscopy images from Live/Dead fluorescence staining of BMSCs encapsulated within the PCL/HAp-GelMA/BMSCs scaffold after 1, 3, 5, and 14 d of 3D culture (live cells, green; dead cells, red). (B) The concentrations of key paracrine factors (TGF-β, PGE2, VEGF, HGF, and BMP-2) from BMSCs cultured in different scaffolds, quantified from culture supernatants at day 3 and day 7. (C) Corresponding relative mRNA expression levels of TGFB1, PTGS2, VEGFA, HGF, and BMP-2 in BMSCs at day 3 and day 7, as determined by qPCR analysis. Data are presented as mean ± SD (n = 3) *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001; ns: not significant.

Article Snippet: ELISA kits for PGE2 (Cat. No. E-EL-0034), TGF-β (Cat. No. E-EL-0162), VEGF (Cat. No. E-EL-R2603), and HGF (Cat. No. E-EL-R0496) were purchased from Elabscience (Wuhan, China).

Techniques: Confocal Microscopy, Fluorescence, Staining, Cell Culture, Expressing

Journal: STAR Protocols

Article Title: Protocol for isolating and culturing microglia from the adult mouse brain using a magnetic-activated cell sorting system

doi: 10.1016/j.xpro.2026.104471

Figure Lengend Snippet: Representative workflow of isolation and culture of adult mouse microglia (A and B) Dissect the brain into small pieces on ice in Petri dish. (C) Collect cell pellets in C-tubes following mechanical/enzymatic dissociation using a gentleMACS dissociator. (D) Preparation of cell straining and debris removal processes. (E) Perform debris removal by carefully overlaying ice-cold PBS onto the cell suspension. (F) After centrifugation, identify three layers; the middle, yellowish layer corresponds to myelin dna debris. (G) Enrich CD11b+ cells by magnetic separation using appropriate columns. (H) Seed isolated microglia onto 6-wll culture plates for downstream assays.

Article Snippet: CD11b Microbead (Clone: M1/70.15.11.5) (1:10 ratio) , Miltenyi Biotech , Cat#130-049-601; RRID: AB_2927911.

Techniques: Isolation, Suspension, Centrifugation

Journal: STAR Protocols

Article Title: Protocol for isolating and culturing microglia from the adult mouse brain using a magnetic-activated cell sorting system

doi: 10.1016/j.xpro.2026.104471

Figure Lengend Snippet: Flow cytometry for MACS-isolated microglia purity (A and B) Total CD11b-positive cells from MACS columns; (C) Cell viability assessed by Zombie Red staining; (D) Infiltrating leukocytes, including neutrophils (Ly6G+) and T lymphocytes (CD3+); (E) Proportions of microglia (CD11b+CD45low) versus monocytes/border-associated macrophages (CD11b+CD45high); (F) Proportion of resting (homeostatic) microglia identified as CD11b+TMEM119+ cells.

Article Snippet: CD11b Microbead (Clone: M1/70.15.11.5) (1:10 ratio) , Miltenyi Biotech , Cat#130-049-601; RRID: AB_2927911.

Techniques: Flow Cytometry, Isolation, Staining